Embossed Solid 14 Karat Gold Banded Andiroba Wood Jewelry Box Custom Made Walnut Wood & Holly Wood Record Christmas Mantel Stocking Holder Cocobolo Rosewood Reversible Desktop Business Card Holder
Custom Made Thuyawood Burl Desk Set Bethlehem Jerusalem Holy Land Olivewood Religious Cross Chechem Wood Cigar Humidor
Morado Wood Desktop Business Card Holder Tarara Canarywood Standard Letter Opener & Pen Set Honey Locust Wood Desktop Business Card & Pen Holder
Walnut Wood 17 Pen Collector's Showcase Americana Series Letter Openers, Wood Species From Left To Right Katalox Wood, Sirari Wood, Rimu Wood, Purpleheart Wood, Tarara Colorado Wood, Indonesian Rosewood, Bayo Wood, Teak Wood Cherry Wood Quadruplet Desktop Business Card Holder
Your list is of such tremendous value and so much work must have gone into it!! I love it! Frank - South Africa
What a tremendous body of work you have done and a great service to those of us in wood related industries! Fred - British Columbia, Canada
ANYWAY, of all the Janka hardness lists I've ever run across, this one by Johnny Morlan is by far the most comprehensive. If you can't find the Janka hardness of a wood in this list, you, probably can't find it anywhere. Paul - New York
As someone who has attempted on occasion to ascertain the Janka hardness of various woods, it is almost unimaginable that you have managed to track down so many woods. So, thanks for your hard work. I'll just go to your page from now on! Matt - Maryland
Your Janka hardness chart has been so helpful for researching and sourcing timbers overseas, we have found many new varieties we probably wouldn't have considered, I'm in Australia and some overseas varieties are not common here. Steve - Australia
Wood Janka Hardness Scale/Chart Numerically From Softest To Hardest
726 Woods Listed Numerically 2001 - 5100 From Softest To Hardest
Author Johnny W. Morlan
Copyright
Johnny W Morlan
Certain Permissions Are Given Below
A Message From The Author
I created this Janka Hardness Scale/Chart because in my own experiences of searching for the Janka Hardness of different woods it took some time of searching through books, documents, papers and on the WWW to find the information. Also the hardness was different from different sources, the botanical/scientific names were only partially listed, not listed at all or in some instances incorrect. I thought it would be nice to have them all listed in one spot and as correct as possible.
This is an ongoing work in progress! There are already countless hours of research that have gone into the 9 pages to get the results as accurate as possible. I still have several woods to research and add. The world's top 125 known softest and hardest woods lists may have minor changes made to them from time to time. I will be updating the page frequently. I hope the information will be of value and helpful to others.
I give permission to link to this page from other websites and forums. The URL address for this page is http://www.morlanwoodgifts.com/MM011.ASP?pageno=216 If you copy some of the information to put on a website or forum, all that I ask of you is to acknowledge me as the author.
You are more than welcome to use the converters below from pounds of force {lbf} to kilograms of force {kgf}, kilonewtons {kN} and newtons {N}.
Janka Steel Ball Hardness Test For Wood
Janka Hardness Test Wood Indentations
The World's Top 125 Known Hardest Woods
The name Ironwood is actually a slang term given to the hardest wood of an area, region or country. There are over 100 species of wood/lumber/timber in the world, referred to or having the word Ironwood in their names.
My definition of Ironwood is any wood/lumber/timber that is so heavy at 12% moisture content {industry standard} it sinks in water. In order for wood/lumber/timber to sink in water at 12% moisture content the specific gravity has to be over 1.00, weigh over 1,000 kilograms per cubic meter {kg/m3}, 2,204 pounds 10 ounces per cubic meter {m3}, 62 pounds 6 3/4 ounces per cubic foot {lb/ft3} or over 3 pounds 14 3/8 ounces per board foot {bf} {planed/dressed out} 12" x 12" x 3/4" thick.
Wood/lumber/timber can weigh as little as 44 kilograms per cubic meter {kg/m3}, 96 pounds 15 2/3 ounces per cubic meter {m3}, 2 pounds 11 4/5 ounces per cubic foot {lb/ft3}, or approximately 2 3/4 ounces per board foot {bf} {planed/dressed out} 12" x 12" x 3/4" thick for Indian Sola Wood {Aeschynomene aspera} to 1,390 kilograms per cubic meter {kg/m3}, 3,063 pounds 9 ounces per cubic meter {m3}, 86 pounds 12 1/3 ounces per cubic foot {lb/ft3}, or approximately 5 pounds 6 3/4 ounces per board foot {bf} {planed/dressed out} 12" x 12" x 3/4" thick for Australian Bauhinia Red {Lysiphyllum carronii}.
Of The World's Top 125 Known Hardest Woods, Most Sink.
Note: {Schinopsis glabra} might be in the top 10 hardest woods in the world. There are no mechanical properties including hardness listed anywhere for it! Some botany sites have it listed as {Schinopsis brasiliensis var. glabra} and say it is a synonym of {Schinopsis brasiliensis}, which would indicate that it is not recognized by all botantists as its own species.
Janka Hardness In Pounds Of Force {lbf}******Common/Trade Name******Botanical/Scientific Name
The Hardest Wood In The World, Known To Man Or On Earth Is
Reference - Article: World Of Wood - January/February 2008 Issue Some Australian Woods For Special Uses - Raymond McLaren
1 - 5060 Buloke Australian {Allocasuarina luehmannii} - Specific Gravity 1.11
5060 Pounds Force {lbf} - 2294 Kilograms Force {kgf} - 22.5 Kilonewtons {kN} - 22500 Newtons {N}
Egg Courtesy Of Jeff Nasser - St. Louis, Missouri Photo Courtesy Of Nancy Gruneisen - St. Louis, Missouri Copyright 2012
Pepper Mill Dimensions Are Approximately 14" Tall - Body 2.5" In Diameter - Knob 2.65" In Diameter Pepper Mill Courtesy Of Jeff Nasser - St. Louis, Missouri Photo Courtesy Of Nancy Gruneisen - St. Louis, Missouri Copyright 2012
4270 Gidgee {Acacia cambagei} - Specific Gravity 1.35
Egg Courtesy Of Jeff Nasser - St. Louis, Missouri Photo Courtesy Of Nancy Gruneisen - St. Louis, Missouri Copyright 2012
4270 Gidgee Georgina {Acacia georginae} - Specific Gravity 1.33
4260 Tiga {Tristaniopsis decorticata} - Specific Gravity 1.053
4250 Lignum Vitae - Holywood {Guaiacum sanctum} - Specific Gravity 1.31 - Hardest Wood In United States
4250 Quebracho Colorado - Barauna {Schinopsis balansae} - Specific Gravity 1.22
Note: Related to but different from #2 {Schinopsis brasiliensis} & #3 {Schinopsis lorentzii}
4200 Lignum Vitae Maracaibo {Bulnesia arborea} - Specific Gravity 1.25 Note: Distantly related to #5 {Guaiacum officinale} & {Guaiacum sanctum}
4200 Lignum Vitae Paraguayan {Bulnesia sarmientoi} - Specific Gravity 1.19 Note: Related to but different from the above {Bulnesia arborea}
4150 Snakewood Australian {Acacia xiphophylla} - Specific Gravity 1.321
4150 Wattle Lakewood {Acacia enervia} - Specific Gravity 1.32
4100 Spearwood Brown {Acacia rhodoxylon} - Specific Gravity 1.28
4090 Gimlet {Eucalyptus salubris} - Specific Gravity 1.225
4080 Oak Black Australian {Casuarina pauper} - Specific Gravity 1.29
4050 Blackwood African {Dalbergia melanoxylon} - Specific Gravity 1.28
Egg Courtesy Of Jeff Nasser - St. Louis, Missouri Photo Courtesy Of Nancy Gruneisen - St. Louis, Missouri Copyright 2012
4050 Wattle {Acacia excels} - Specific Gravity 1.15
20 - 4030 Lignum Vitae Texan {Guaiacum angustifolium} - Specific Gravity 1.276
4020 Dead Finish {Archidendropsis basaltica} - Specific Gravity 1.218
4000 Jutahy {Dialium guianense} - Specific Gravity 1.089
3990 Akye Paradakue {Placodiscus pseudostipularis} - Specific Gravity .99
3970 Kauila {Alphitonia ponderosa} - Specific Gravity 1.21
3960 Blackbutt Dundas {Eucalyptus dundasii} - Specific Gravity 1.10
3960 Casca De Assahy {Mouriri collocarpa} - Specific Gravity 1.174
3900 Mehamehame {Flueggea neowawraea} - Specific Gravity 1.143
3890 Bolongeta {Diospyros pilosanthera} - Specific Gravity 1.23
3880 Gidgee Purple {Acacia crombiei}- Specific Gravity 1.321
3870 Yarran {Acacia homalophylla} - Specific Gravity 1.285
30 - 3860 Ebony Brown {Libidibia paraguariensis} - Specific Gravity 1.18
3840 Curupay {Anadenanthera colubrina} - Specific Gravity 1.06
3840 Morrel Red {Eucalyptus longicornis} - Specific Gravity 1.145
3820 Box Steel {Eucalyptus rummeryi} - Specific Gravity 1.13
3820 Coolibah Black {Eucalyptus microtheca} - Specific Gravity 1.20
3820 Ebony Red {Erythrophleum chlorostachys} - Specific Gravity 1.22
3820 Mulga {Acacia aneura} - Specific Gravity 1.20
3820 Pau Roxo {Peltogyne confertiflora} - Specific Gravity 1.05
3800 Miniritchie {Acacia grasbyi} - Specific Gravity 1.23
3800 Snakewood {Piratinera guianensis} - Specific Gravity 1.25
3780 Koroboreli {Peltogyne pubescens} - Specific Gravity 1.01
3740 Gum Salt {Eucalyptus salicola} - Specific Gravity 1.165
3720 Cocuswood {Brya ebenus} - Specific Gravity 1.19
3720 Urucurana {Sloanea nitida} - Specific Gravity 1.08
3700 Cohoba {Anadenanthera peregrina} - Specific Gravity 1.03
3700 Olivewood Brazilian {Ferreirea spectabilis} - Specific Gravity 1.045
3690 Bean Snake {Bobgunnia madagascariensis} - Specific Gravity .961
3690 Clubwood {Swartzia leiocalycina} - Specific Gravity 1.122
3690 Ebony Brazilian {Swartzia tomentosa} - Specific Gravity 1.169
3680 Camel Thorn {Acacia erioloba} - Specific Gravity 1.23
3680 Cortez {Tabebuia guayacan} - Specific Gravity 1.025
3680 Ipe {Tabebuia serratifolia} - Specific Gravity 1.13
3680 Maria Preta {Zizyphus itacaiunensis} - Specific Gravity .97
40 - 3670 Wattle Raspberry Jam {Acacia acuminata} - Specific Gravity 1.105
3660 Leadwood {Krugiodendron ferreum} - Specific Gravity 1.32
3660 Momoqui {Caesalpinia pluviosa} - Specific Gravity 1.05
3650 Ebony Macassar Australian Grown {Diospyros celebica} - Specific Gravity 1.296
3640 Coolibah {Eucalyptus coolabah} - Specific Gravity 1.15
3640 Pepper Bark {Drypetes aubrevillei}
3640 Rata Southern {Metrosideros umbellata} - Specific Gravity 1.14
3620 Bannia {Swartzia bannia}
3620 Coracao De Negro {Swartzia benthamiana}
3620 Katalox {Swartzia cubensis} - Specific Gravity 1.105
3600 Anjan {Hardwickia binata}
3590 Cumarurana {Taralea opposisitolia}
3570 Sapote {Licania sparsipilis}
3570 Wawra {Combretum imberbe} - Specific Gravity 1.20
3540 Orosi {Dipteryx panamensis}
3540 Teak Brazilian {Dipteryx odorata} - Specific Gravity 1.08
3520 Blackbutt Cleland's {Eucalyptus clelandii} - Specific Gravity 1.13
50 - 3510 Boongul {Eucalyptus transcontinetalis} - Specific Gravity 1.08
3500 Jarana {Holopyxidium jarana} - Specific Gravity .985
3480 Gum Salmon {Eucalyptus salmonophloia} - Specific Gravity 1.04
3480 Oak Desert Australian {Acacia coriacea} - Specific Gravity 1.099
3470 Cachaporra Do Gentio {Terminalia argentea}
3470 Uxirana {Vantanea parviflora}
3460 Macucu Branco {Licania oblongifolia}
3460 Morrel Black {Eucalyptus melanoxylon} - Specific Gravity 1.13
3450 Umzimbeet {Millettia grandis}
3440 Cabreuva {Myrocarpus frondosus}
3440 Oak Silver Australian {Grevillea parallela}
3440 Plum Coco {Chrysobalanus icaco}
3420 Kurara {Acacia tetragonophylla} - Specific Gravity 1.164
3390 Box Bimble {Eucalyptus populnea} - Specific Gravity 1.09
3370 Box Grey {Eucalyptus microcarpa} - Specific Gravity 1.12
3370 Coolibah Gum Barked {Eucalyptus intertexta}
3370 Mallet Brown {Eucalyptus astringens} - Specific Gravity .98
3370 Myall Weeping {Acacia pendula} - Specific Gravity 1.10
3370 Wandoo {Eucalyptus wandoo} - Specific Gravity 1.10
60 - 3350 Azobe {Lophira alata} - Specific Gravity 1.075
60 - 3350 Blackwood Burmese {Dalbergia cultrata}
60 - 3350 Bloodwood Rough Leaved {Corymbia setosa}
60 - 3350 Lancewood {Acacia shirleyi} - Specific Gravity 1.18
60 - 3350 Marblewood {Marmaroxylon racemosum} - Specific Gravity 1.057
Links To Other Janka Hardness Scale/Chart Pages Alphabetically Botanical/Scientific Name Alphabetically Common/Trade Name Numerically Softest To Hardest
Somewhat Hard
Hardness Level Of 4 = 901 - 1200
Hardness Level Of 5 = 1201 - 1500
Moderately Hard
Hardness Level Of 6 = 1501 - 1800
Hardness Level Of 7 = 1801 - 2100
Hard
Hardness Level Of 8 = 2101 - 2400
Hardness Level Of 9 = 2401 - 2700
Very Hard
Hardness Level Of 10 = 2701 - 3000
Hardness Level Of 11 = 3001 - 3300
Real Hard
Hardness Level Of 12 = 3301 - 3600
Hardness Level Of 13 = 3601 - 3900
Extremely Hard
Hardness Level Of 14 = 3901 - 4200
Hardness Level Of 15 = 4201 - 4500
Extraordinarily Hard
Hardness Level Of 16 = 4501 - 4800
Hardness Level Of 17 = 4801 - 5100
Converter: Pounds Of Force To Kilograms Of Force, Kilonewtons & Newtons
To use converter, type in a number in the top Pounds Force {lbf} box. All numbers are in pounds of force {lbf} on this page. The converted result will automatically appear in the Kilograms Force {kgf} box, Kilonewtons {kN} box and the Newtons {N} box.
Janka Hardness In Pounds Of Force {lbf}******Common/Trade Name******Botanical/Scientific Name
Converter: Pounds Of Force To Kilograms Of Force, Kilonewtons & Newtons
To use converter, type in a number in the top Pounds Force {lbf} box. All numbers are in pounds of force {lbf} on this page. The converted result will automatically appear in the Kilograms Force {kgf} box, Kilonewtons {kN} box and the Newtons {N} box.
Converter: Pounds Of Force To Kilograms Of Force, Kilonewtons & Newtons
To use converter, type in a number in the top Pounds Force {lbf} box. All numbers are in pounds of force {lbf} on this page. The converted result will automatically appear in the Kilograms Force {kgf} box, Kilonewtons {kN} box and the Newtons {N} box.
Links To Other Janka Hardness Scale/Chart Pages Alphabetically Botanical/Scientific Name Alphabetically Common/Trade Name Numerically Softest To Hardest
35 Little Known Wood Species Center Utilization & Products Forest Foundation {CUPROFOR} Republic Of Honduras, Central America
Amazonian Center For Forest Enterprise Development {CADEFOR} Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Basic Density Of Wood By Species - 1996 National Institute For Research In The Amazon {INPA} Philip M. Fearnside Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
Balsa Species Information MultiForestal - La Chorrera, Panama - Republic Of Panama
Common & Botanical Names Of Woods Original Approach, LLC - Windsor, Colorado, United States
Complete Index Of Common Names - 1989 Supplement To Tropical Timbers Of The World Nancy Ross
Database Of Australian Aboriginal Timbers Johan Kamminga - 2002 Australian Institute Of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies {AIATSIS} Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Database Of Brazilian Woods Brazilian Institute Of Environment & Renewable Natural Resources {IBAMA} Brasília, Brazil
Density {Kg/m3} Of Woods By Common Name Institute National Of Technology Industrial {INTI} Buenos Aires, Argentina
Elsevier's Dictionary Of Trees - 2005 Miroslav M. Grandtner Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
Gottstein Fellowship Report - 2007 Evaluation Of Australian Timbers For Use In Musical Instruments Andrew Morrow - Clayton South, Victoria, Australia
Guide To Irish Hardwoods - 2004 National Council For Forest Research & Development {COFORD} Gordon Knaggs & Stella Xenopoulou Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
H. G. Richter & M. J. Dallwitz Commercial Timber Descriptions & Information In English, French, German, Portuguese & Spanish - June 2009
Kew Royal Botanic Gardens Richmond, Surrey, United Kingdom
Lesser Known Timber Species Of Vietnam Vietnamese - German Forestry Program Tay Ho District - Hanoi, Vietnam
MADERASUDAMERICA Trade Office In Tropical Timber Technical Data Sheets San Adrian, Navarra, Spain
Mechanical Properties Of Bamboos - 2003 Aerospace Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
Mechanical Strength Properties Of 10 Ghanaian Lesser Used Species - 2009 Forestry Research Institute Of Ghana Council For Scientific & Industrial Research Kumasi, Ghana West Africa
Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database {MMPND} The University Of Melbourne Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Present & Potential Commercial Timbers Of The Caribbean - 1962 With Special Reference To The West Indies, The Guianas & British Honduras U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station Franklin R. Longwood - Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, United States
Properties Of African Woods - Brenco Exotic Woods Hammond, Indiana, United States
Properties Of Cocowood - 2010 Australian Centre For International Agricultural Research {ACIAR} Bruce ACT, Australia & Department Of Employment, Economic Development & Innovation {DEEDI} Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Properties Of Imported Tropical Woods - 1969 U.S. Department Of Agriculture Forest Products Laboratory Madison, Wisconsin, United States
PROSEA - Plant Resources Of South East Asia Juanda, Bogor, Indonesia
Prospect - The Wood Database - Version 2.1 - 1996 Developed To Encourage The Sustainable Use Of The World's Timber Species World Conservation Monitoring Centre {WCMC} Cambridge, United Kingdom
PROTA - Plant Resources Of Tropical Africa Wageningen, Netherlands
Solomon Island Timber Species Papua New Guinea Forest Industries Association Inc Waigani, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
South American Hardwoods Tree & Wood Characteristics Beach Shack - Island Harbour, Anguilla, British West Indies
TAXA Wood Knowledge Base Bill Mudry - Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
Technical Data Sheet - Species, Properties & Uses - 2004 Timber Queensland Limited Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
The Book Of Wood Names - 2000 Dr. Hans Meyer
The Plant List
The Wood Explorer CD - Version 2.0 - 2006 New York City, New York, United States
The Woods Of Liberia - 1959 U.S. Department Of Agriculture Forest Products Laboratory Botanist - Jeannette M. Kyrn Madison, Wisconsin, United States
Timberexchange B.V. Wood Species Vught, Netherlands
Timber Hardness & Durability Timber Merchants Association {TMA} Blackburn, Victoria, Australia
Timber Species & Properties - 2004 National Association Of Forest Industries - Australia Deakin West, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
TROPIX - Version 6.0 - 2008 Tropical Wood Production & Processing Research Unit Main Characteristics Of 245 Tropical & Temperate Species By Cirad - Montpellier, France
Wood Basic Densities Of Tropical Tree Species - 1992 U.S. Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station & Institute Of Tropical Forestry Gisel Reyes, Sandra Brown, Jonathan Chapman & Ariel E. Lugo New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Wood Flooring International {WFI} - Species List Pennsauken, New Jersey, United States
Wood Properties Technical Sheets - Tropical Hardwoods U.S. Department Of Agriculture Forest Products Laboratory Madison, Wisconsin, United States
Wood Species Density Database World Agroforestry Centre Nairobi, Kenya, Africa
Wood Testing Program 1971 The Wood Technology Laboratory Luis Llach Cordero Turrialba, Costa Rica
Woods From Peru - A Catalog Of Peru's Lesser Known Timber Species World Wildlife Fund {WWF} - Lima, Peru & Global Forest & Trade Network {GFTN} - Washington DC, United States
World Dictionary Of Trees - 2004 Wood & Forest Sciences Department Miroslav M. Grandtner Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
World Of Wood {WOW} Magazines Published By The International Wood Collectors Society {IWCS}
J W Morlan's Unique Wood Gifts 11804 University Ave. Suite MM Lubbock, TX 79423-6570 Both: Fax & Toll Free Number Are 1-866-748-9805 E-Mail Address jwmwoodengifts@gmail.com
WARNING! All content contained within this site is protected by copyright laws. UNAUTHORIZED use of my material is strictly
prohibited
Copyright
Johnny W Morlan
Webmaster www.morlanwoodgifts.com Johnny {J W} Morlan